Termer

Quantity describing a population Parameter

Related quantity calculated from a sample Estimate

Specific claim regarding a population parameter Statistical hypothesis

Entire set of individuals Population

Set of individuals selected from the population Sample

The difference between estimate and population parameter Sampling error

Systematic discrepancy between estimate and parameter Bias

Collection of individuals that are easily available to the researcher Sample of convenience

Characteristic measured on individuals drawn from a population Variable

Measurements of one or more variables made on a collection of individuals Data

The frequency of a measurement in a sample is the number of obs. with that measurement

Distribution of a variable in the whole population Probability distribution

Probability is the backbone of data analysis

A discrete numerical variable can onle take on a finite set of distinct, separate values

A continuous numerical variable can take on any real number within a range

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