T4 – Language

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• Language constructs social reality Linguistic turn
• Hidden cognitive models shaping society Stories we live by
• Cultural narratives structuring thought Cognitive stories
• Stability through language and discourse Linguistic stability
• Forgetting stories are “just stories” Naturalization
• Analyzing language to reveal power Critical ecolinguistics
• Goal: tell new, sustainable stories Transformative discourse
• Shared beliefs about how the world is Ideologies
• Language use by social groups Discourses
• Control of discourse defines normality Power through discourse
• Economics portraying humans as selfish Neoclassical ideology
• Green consumerism as partial care Ambivalent discourse
• Indigenous or poetic respect for nature Beneficial discourse
• Evaluate, resist, promote stories Ecolinguistic strategy
• Using one concept to structure another Framing
• Restructuring meaning through new lens Reframing
• Knowledge package shaping understanding Frame
• Climate as security, market, or violence Climate frames
• Problem–solution vs. predicament view Frame contrast
• Development language shifting over time Evolving frames
• Frames shape moral perception Moral framing
• Describing one thing through another Metaphor
• Machine view of nature Destructive metaphor
• Nature as patient needing help Ambivalent metaphor
• Nature as web or community Beneficial metaphor
• Corporation as legal person Person metaphor
• Corporation as psychopath Critical reframing
• Metaphors make ideas feel natural Conceptual power
• Language marking good or bad Evaluation
• Repeated positive/negative phrasing Appraisal pattern
• Growth and profit as moral good Economic evaluation
• Warm weather framed as good Media appraisal
• Wellbeing over wealth Alternative evaluation
• Stories define moral direction Linguistic morality
• Stories defining who we are Identity
• Social roles shaped by discourse Subject positions
• Rational price-driven consumer Rational consumer
• Ethical, value-driven consumer Ethical consumer
• Masculine competitive identity Masculine consumer
• Surfer turned eco-activist Identity reframing
• Identity shifts change behavior Discursive identity
• Stories about truth or falsity Convictions
• Degree of certainty or doubt Modality
• Truth degree assigned to claims Facticity
• Climate change as settled fact High facticity
• Authority or data as truth source Legitimization
• Challenge low-modality arguments Truth defense
• Making something invisible in language Erasure
• Completely omitted element Void
• Only hinted trace remains Trace
• Replaced or distorted presence Mask
• Passive and abstract language hides agency Linguistic erasure
• Who is erased or made visible? Visibility question
• Making something stand out Salience
• Restoring erased elements Re-minding
• Naming and sensory imagery Vividness
• Individual examples create empathy Personalization
• Pronouns highlight agency Linguistic focus
• Showing what matters in discourse Ethical salience

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