Perspectives (vocabulary)

Bourgeoisie (Marxism) Ruling class who own the means of production

Proletariat (Marxism) Working class who sell their labour to survive

Alienation (Marxism) Feeling disconnected from one's labour

False consciousness (Marxism) Working class believes in ideas that benefit the ruling class

Class struggle (Marxism) This drives societal change

Capitalism (Marxism) Economic system where private individuals own businesses and wealth

Exploitation (Marxism) The act of taking unfair advantage of workers for profit

Means of Production (Marxism) The resources (eg factories) needed to produce goods

Revolution (Marxism) A radical change in society, often led by the working class

Colonial Subjects (Postcolonialism) People from colonized countries, often subject to foreign rule and exploitation

Colonialist Identity (Postcolonialism) The colonizers' belief that they are better than the people they colonize

Cultural Colonization (Postcolonialism) The spread of the colonizer's culture

Decolonization (Postcolonialism) The process of freeing a country or culture from colonial control

Demonic or Exotic 'Other' (Postcolonialism) Seeing colonized people either as evil or as fascinating and wild because they are different

Eurocentrism (Postcolonialism) Judging all cultures by European values, assuming European culture is the best

Hybridity (Postcolonialism) The mixing of cultures that happens when colonized people combine their traditions with the colonizers' influence

Mimicry (Postcolonialism) When colonized people imitate the colonizers, either to fit in or to mock them

Multiculturalism (Postcolonialism) When different cultural groups live together and respect each other's traditions

Orientalism (Postcolonialism) Creating a false, negative image of non-Western countries to make Western countries look better

Othering (Postcolonialism) Treating people who are different as if they are less important

Resistance (Postcolonialism) Action taken by colonized people to fight against colonial rule or influence

Subaltern (Postcolonialism) People in colonized societies who are at the very bottom of the social hierarchy

Autonomy (Feminism) The ability to make independent decisions and have control over one's own life

Center-Margin (Feminism) A concept that examines the power dynamics between dominant (center) and marginalized (margin) groups

Empowerment (Feminism) The process of gaining confidence to improve one's status and achieve personal goals

Equality (Feminism) The state of being equal, especially in rights, status and opportunities

Gender (Feminism) The social roles that a society considers appropriate for men, woman and other gender identities

Intersectionality (Feminism) A framework that examines how different aspects of a person's identity intersect to create unique experiences of discrimination or privilege

Patriarchy (Feminism) Male dominated society

Biological sex (Feminism) Classification of people as male, female or intersex based on biological characteristics

Solidarity (Feminism) Unity and mutual support within a group

Stereotypes (Feminism) Oversimplified and generalized ideas about a group of people

Subversion (Feminism) The act of challenging or undermining established norms

Voice (Feminism) The ability or right to express oneself

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