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• It is chewed and mixed with saliva. What happens to the food in the mouth?
• Peristalsis (peristaltic movement) What is the movement that takes place in the esophagus called?
• It is kneaded and mixed with gastric juice (mostly hydrochloric acid and the enzyme pepsin). The gastric juice is mostly protein intensive. What happens to the food in the stomach?
• Bile and pancreas are added (bile fat, pancreatic fat/carbohydrates/protein). What happens in the duodenum?
• The decomposition is completed so that the substances can be absorbed into the blood. What happens in the small intestine?
• Fluids and some vitamins and minerals are absorbed. What happens in the colon?
• Here the poop is stored until it's time to go to the bathroom. What happens in the rectum?
• Dextrose/Glucose What do carbohydrates need to be broken down into before they can be absorbed?
• Amino acids What do proteins need to decompose into before they can be absorbed?
• glycerol and fatty acids What must fats be broken down into before they can be absorbed?
• From plants (via photosynthesis) Where do all the carbohydrates come from?
• C6 H12 O6 What formula do the simple sugars have?
• C12 H22 O11 What is the formula of the compound sugars?
• A method for detecting sugar. Only simple sugars give a result with Trommer's test. What is Trommer's test?
• Energy What are carbohydrates used for in the body?
• Energy What is fat used for in the body?
• Building and repair materials What is protein used for in the body?
• A carbohydrate, but with longer molecules than sugar. Found in flours, potatoes e.g. What is starch?
• A carbohydrate that we cannot break down. A large part of plants consists of cellulose. Good to eat anyway, as it keeps the intestines going What is cellulose?
• Fat from the plant kingdom. What does vegetable fat mean?
• Fat from the animal kingdom. What does animal fat mean?
• Lard What is pork fat called?
• Tallow What is bovine fat called?
• Cod liver oil What is fat from fish called?
• A protein that breaks down nutrients. What is an enzyme?
• That a protein solidifies. What does the word "coagulate" mean?
• By dripping nitric acid on it. If it contains protein, it is colored yellow. How can you find out if something contains protein?
• Increases nutritional value (e.g., vitamins, iron) What do fortifiers do?
• They make it harder for bacteria and fungi to "take over" and make food go bad. What do preservatives do?
• A substance that allows fat and water to mix. What is an emulsifier?
• E.g. gelatin, potato flour, corn flour, wheat flour... Name any thickener.
• They have a water-friendly and a grease-friendly side and can thus encapsulate the dirt so that it can be rinsed away. What do surfactants do?
• Lubricates the food and begins the decomposition of starch. What does saliva do?
• Breaks down the most protein, but also starts the breakdown of the other What does gastric juice do?
• Does Break Down Fat What Does Bile Do?
• On the one hand, it neutralizes gastric juice, but also breaks down both fat, carbohydrates and protein further. What does pancreas do?
• It finishes the breakdown of nutrients. What does intestinal juice do?
• To purify the blood of waste so we can pee it out. What is the role of the kidney?

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