Major neurotransmitters

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• What are some effects of Dopamine (DA)? Motor function, reward/motivation, cognition/emotion and attention.
• What are some related disorders to Dopamine (DA)? Parkinson's disease, Drug abuse/addiction, Schizophrenia/Bipolar disorder and ADHD.
• What are some example of drugs or substances affecting the Dopamine (DA)? L-Dopa (Agonistic), Cocaine, Amphetamines (Agonistic), Neuroleptics (antipsychotics) (Antagonistic), Metylphenidate (Agonistic) and Dextroamphetamines (Agonistic).
• What are some effects of Glutamate? Synaptic plasticity, learning and memory.
• What are some related disorders to Glutamate? Psychotic disorders (Schizophrenia).
• What are some examples of drugs or substances affecting the Glutamate? Anaesthetics (e.g. Ketamine) (Antagonisitc) and Alcohol (Antagonistic).
• What are some effects of GABA? Most common inhibitory neurotransmitter.
• What are some related disorders to GABA? Anxiety disorders, Epilepsy and poor impulse control.
• What are some example of drugs affecting the GABA? Alcohol (Agonistic), Benzodiazepines (e.g. Diazepam or Valium) (Agonistic), Barbiturates (Agonistic) and Anaesthetics (Agonistic).
• What are some effects of Norepinephrine (noradrenaline)? In PNS: fight or flight response, In CNS: alertness/arousal, sleep-wake cycles, attention and memory.
• What are some related disorders to Norepinephrine (noradrenaline)? Anxiety disorders (panic attacks, phobias), PTSD, Narcolepsy, ADHD and depression.
• What are some examples of drugs or substances affecting the Norepinephrine (noradrenaline)? Alpha-blockers (Antagonistic), Beta-blockers (e.g. propranolol) (Antagonistic), Psychostimulants (Methylphenidate, Amphetamines) (Agonistic) and Anti-depressants (SNRIs, TCAs) (Agonistic).
• What are some effects of Serotonin (5-HT)? Mood, sensory perception (somatosensory, visual), appetite, metabolism, sleep and arousal.
• What are some related disorders to Serotonin (5-HT)? Depression and anxiety disorders.
• What are some examples of drugs or substances affecting the Serotonin (5-HT)? Antidepressants (SSRIs, TCAs, MAOIs) (Agonistic), MDMA (ecstasy) (Agonistic) and Psychedelics (psilocybin, DMT, mescaline, LSD) (Agonistic).
• What are some effects of Acetylcholine (Ach)? In PNS: muscle activation, in CNS: arousal, sustained attention, learning and memory.
• What are some related disorders to Acetylcholine? Myastenia gravis and Alzheimer's disease.
• What are some examples of drugs or substances affecting the Acetylcholine (Ach)? Botulinim (Botox) (Antagonistic), Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (Agonistic) and Nicotine (Agonistic).
• What are some effects of Endogenpus opioids (endorphins, enkephalins)? Analgesia (pain suppression), Euphoria (pleasure), relaxation and food intake.
• What are some related disorders to Endogenous opioids (endorphins, enkephalins)? Chronic pain and Obesity.
• What are some examples of drugs affecting the Endogenous opioids (endorphins, enkephalins)? Morphine (Agonistic) and Heroin (Agonistic).
• What are some effects of Endogenus Cannabinoids (anandamide)? Analgesia (pain suppression), euphoria (pleasure), relaxation, food intake, interferes with learning and memory (breaks short-term connections between neurons).
• What are some related disorders to Endogenous cannabinoids (anandamide)? Schizophrenia and psychotic symptoms.
• What are some examples of drugs or substances affecting the Endogenous cannabinoids (anandamide)? Cannabis (Agonistic).
• What are some effects of Oxytocin? Social memory, social bonding (pair bonding, sexual bonding, maternal behaviour in females), reduced stress, increased mood and decreased anxiety.
• What are some related disorders to Oxytocin? Autism (?).
• What are some examples of drugs or substances affecting the Oxytocin? Synthetic oxytocin (Agonistic) and MDMA (?) (Agonistic).

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