Australia unit vocabulary

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• Aboriginal a person belonging to one of the indigenous peoples of Australia.
• acknowledgement acceptance of the truth or existence of something
• advantage a condition or circumstance that puts one in a favorable or superior position.
• ancestor a person more remote than a grandparent from whom one is descended
• annual occurring once every year
• colonist a settler in or inhabitant of a colony; a person living in a country or area controlled politically by a more powerful country.
• colonization the action or process of settling among and establishing control over the indigenous people of an area
• colonize send a group of settlers to a place and establish political control over it
• confinement the action of confining or state of being confined
• compulsory required by law or a rule; obligatory
• community a group of people living in the same place or having a particular characteristic in common
• condition state, circumstance
• convict a person found guilty of a criminal offense and serving a sentence of imprisonment. (v.) declare (someone) to be guilty of a criminal offense by the verdict of a jury or the decision of a judge in a court of law
• equal being the same in quantity or size or degree or value
• equality the state of being equal, especially in status, rights, and opportunities
• descend from be a direct blood relative of a specified ancestor
• descendant a person plant or animal that is descended from a particular ancestor
• develop grow or cause to grow and become more mature, advanced, or elaborate
• establishment a business organization or public institution
• exchange give something and receive something of the same kind in return
• execution the carrying out of a sentence of death on a condemned person; the carrying out or putting into effect of a plan, order, or course of action
• foreign characteristic of a country or language other than one's own; strange and unfamiliar
• hereditary based on inheritance; determined by genetic factors and therefore able to be passed on from parents to their offspring or descendants
• heritage property that is or may be inherited; an inheritance
• independence the fact or state of being independent
• independent free from outside control; not depending on another's authority; self-reliant
• indigenous originating or occurring naturally in a particular place; native
• increase become or make greater in size or amount or intensity or degree
• inherit receive money or property or a title as an heir at the death of the previous holder
• investigate carry out a systematic or formal inquiry to discover and examine the facts of (an incident, allegation, etc.) so as to establish the truth; carry out research or study into (a subject, typically one in a scientific or academic field) so as to discover facts or information
• legacy a thing handed down by a predecessor
• mourn feel regret or sadness about; feel or show deep sorrow for
• penal relating to the punishment of offenders under the legal system
• pride deep pleasure or satisfaction derived from one's own achievements: consciousness of one's own dignity
• reconciliation the restoration of friendly relations
• record a thing constituting a piece of evidence about the past, especially an account of an act or occurrence kept in writing or some other permanent form
• relocate move to a new place and establish one's home or business there
• settler a person who settles in an area, typically one with no or few previous inhabitants.
• taint the act or result of spoiling something or giving it an unpleasant quality
• trace find or discover by investigation
• tribe a distinctive or close-knit group
• voyage a long journey involving travel by sea or in space
• significance the quality of being worthy of attention; importance
• survey an investigation of the opinions of a group of people, investigate the opinions of by asking them questions
• starvation suffering or death caused by hunger
• tax a compulsory contribution to state revenue, levied by the government on workers' income and business profits, or added to the cost of some goods, services, and transactions.
• LGBTQI lesbian gay bisexual transgender queer (or questioning) and intersex
• vote the right to indicate a choice in an election
• accurate exact and without any mistakes
• alleviate to make something bad such as pain or problems less severe.
• apprenticeship a period of time working as an apprentice
• aristocracy a class of people who hold high social rank
• chill to become cold but not freeze
• clue a sign or some information that helps you to find the answer to a problem, question, or mystery
• cordial friendly but formal and polite
• correctional facility a prison
• dire very serious or extreme; very bad
• disperse to spread across or move away over a large area, or to cause this to happen
• docks (plural) a group of these areas of water in a port and the buildings around them
• escort to go with a person or vehicle to make certain it arrives safely
• etch to cut a picture into a smooth surface
• fleet a group of ships
• fug a condition that can exist in a small, crowded place when the air is not pure, especially because of smoke or heat
• harbour an area of water next to the coast where ships and boats can shelter
• in advance before a particular time, before doing a particular thing
• index card a small card used to record information such as addresses, telephone numbers, etc. kept in a card index (= a small box with cards arranged in alphabetical order)
• inevitable certain to happen and unable to be avoided or prevented
• invoke to cause something to be used; bring into effect; to call on something or someone, esp. God, for help.
• lineage the members of a person's family who are directly related to that person and who lived a long time before him or her
• major more important or bigger or more serious than others of the same type
• makeshift temporary and of low quality but used because of a sudden need
• naval belonging to a country's navy, relating to military ships
• offence an illegal act
• penal institution a prison
• penalty a punishment for doing something that is against a law
• petty crime a type of crime that is not considered serious when compared with some other crimes
• pinch to press something strongly between two hard things such as a finger and a thumb
• pressure the force you produce when you press something; the act of trying to make someone else do something by arguing, persuading, etc.
• prestige respect and admiration given to someone or something, usually because of a reputation for high quality, success, or social influence
• retain to keep or continue to have something
• self-righteousness the quality of believing that your ideas and behaviour are morally better than those of other people
• sentence a punishment given by a judge in court to a person or organization after they have been found guilty of doing something wrong; (v.) to decide and say officially what a punishment will be
• shorthand a system of writing that uses lines and symbols to represent words and is used to record what someone says as they are speaking
• society a large group of people who live together in an organized way, making decisions about how to do things and sharing the work that needs to be done. All the people in a country, or in several similar countries, can be referred to as a society. An organization to which people who share similar interests can belong.
• stain to permanently spoil something such as someone's reputation; to leave a mark on something that is difficult to remove (n.) a dirty mark; (literary) permanent damage to someone's reputation or character
• surreptitious done secretly without anyone seeing or knowing
• suspicion a belief or idea that something may be true; doubt or lack of trust
• taint to damage the quality or taste or value of something, the act or result of spoiling something or giving it an unpleasant quality.
• trail the smell or series of marks left by a person, animal, or thing as it moves along; various pieces of information that together show where someone you are searching for has gone
• trial the hearing of statements and showing of objects, etc. in a law court to judge if a person is guilty of a crime or to decide a case or a legal matter
• urgent very important and needing attention immediately
• valuable worth a lot of money
• native indigenous
• repatriation the return of someone to their own country
• dubious morally suspect, of questionable value
• genocide the deliberate killing of a large group of people
• motion a formal proposal put to a legislature or committee
• verdict final decision or judgment
• elation great happiness and exhilaration
• anticipation waiting for something with excitement
• tinge to very slightly change a color or feeling

Alla Inga Spara